Table of Contents
VOICE
कर्ता, कर्म व क्रियापद यांचा परस्पर संबंध म्हणजेच प्रयोग (voice) होय.
ex.
I write a letter.
A letter is written by me.
इंग्रजी मध्ये voice चे दोन प्रकार आहेत.
1. Active Voice (कर्तरी प्रयोग)
2. Passive Voice (कर्मणी प्रयोग)
1. Active Voice (कर्तरी प्रयोग):
ज्या वाक्यात क्रियापद का प्रमाणे चालते म्हणजेच वाक्यात जो क्रिया करतो तो
कर्ता महत्वाचा असून तो वाक्याच्या सुरूवातीला लिहिलेला असतो. ते वाक्य म्हणजे
Active Voice.
Ex. Lata sings a song. या वाक्यात Lata हा शब्द कर्ता असून गाण्याची
क्रिया Lata करते. म्हणून हे Active Voice आहे.
2. Passive Voice (कर्मणी प्रयोग):
ज्या वाक्यात क्रियापद कर्मा प्रमाणे चालते म्हणजेच वाक्यात ज्याच्यावर क्रिया केली
जाते ते कर्म महत्वाचे असून ते वाक्याच्या सुरूवातीला लिहिलेले असते. ते वाक्य म्हणजे
Passive Voice.
Ex.A song is sung by Lata. या वाक्यात A song हा शब्द कर्म असून
गाण्याची क्रिया song वर केली जाते व हा शब्द वाक्याच्या सुरूवातीला लिहिला आहे म्हणून
हे Passive Voice आहे.
Active voice मधून Passive Voice करण्याचे नियम.
०१. सर्व प्रथम कर्म हे कर्त्याच्या जागी आणावे.
०२.
त्यानंतर क्रियापदात योग्य ते बदल करावेत.
०३. त्यानंतर कर्ता लिहिण्यापूर्वी by लिहावे.
Tense
VOICE
Simple Present
Active voice
S+V1+0
Passive Voice
0+am/is/are+VPP+by+S
VOICE
Continuous Present
Active voice
S+am/is/are + ving+0
Passive Voice
O+am/is/are +being+ VPP+by+S
VOICE
Perfect Present
S+have/has + VPP+O
Passive Voice
O+ have/has + been+ VPP+by+S
VOICE
Simple Past
S+V2+0
Passive Voice
O+was/were+VPP+by+S
VOICE
Continuous Past
S+was/were+ving +0
Passive Voice
0+ was/were+being+VPP+by+S
VOICE
Perfect Past
S+had+VPP+O
Passive Voice
O+had + been+ VPP+by+S
VOICE
Simple Future
S+will+VI+0
Passive Voice
0+will+be+VPP+by+S
VOICE
Perfect Future
S+will+have+VPP+O
Passive Voice
0+will+have+
VOICE
Modal Auxiliary
S+M.A.+VI+0
Passive Voice
O+M.A. + be + VPP+by+S
आज्ञार्थी वाक्याचे Passive Voice करतांना Let+0+ be+VPP अशी रचना
करावी. by+S वापरताना सर्वनामांचे द्वितीयेचे रूप लिहावे.
Ex. I-me, we- us, he-him, she-her, you – you, they – them, it-it.
Change the voice.
1) The people celebrate his great deeds.
Ans: His great deeds were celebrated by the people.
2) The people praised their prince.
Ans: Their prince was praised by the people.
3) They won a great victory.
Ans:A great victory was won by them.
4) She was planting her seeds.
Ans: Her seeds were being planted by her.
5) She offered the prince a bag of seed.
Ans: A bag of seeds was offered to the prince by her.
6) He stole a gold necklace.
Ans: A gold necklace was stolen by him.
7. Yama embraced Yudhishthira.
Ans: Yudhishthira was embraced by Yama.
8. They made a big hole in the wall.
Ans: A big hole in the wall was made by them.
9. I shall bring lost of potatoes.
Ans: Lots of potatoes will be brought by me.
10. I heard the cry again.
Ans: The cry was heard again by me.
VOICE
For Practice:
1. Mala was wearing ornaments.
2.Kashi is writing a letter.
3. Ahmad had objected this.
4. Sit down
5. He had knocked at the door.
6. I shall have done it.
7. She took four pots
8. Say it loudly
9. Apply this formula
10. He will have finished his work.